{"id":105,"date":"2025-06-04T15:37:59","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T15:37:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/?p=105"},"modified":"2025-06-06T16:59:28","modified_gmt":"2025-06-06T16:59:28","slug":"sanat-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/?p=105","title":{"rendered":"Sanat Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/a>Sanat Nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"AVvXsEj_UUhIGV-z5-08VQNlswmi7rq6YquVGDm5qOD_kSBJVbWXNOjBZlJN_TuJayvcxK3ybPB_I9D957k0EQNc6vzEQeyovFQOc7idWrqwy78kXPq0Mkorjf0osAtoy7iaVcCPgUfG_Cr-ALPd4uViDiMFA3h9yN16hU0N-S7-Im2F6muPxk_rD4ddr5rxvxnf=w450-h450<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sanat; r\u00fcya g\u00f6rme \u00f6zelli\u011fimizin hayal g\u00f6rme yetene\u011fimizi besleyip, disipliner bir anlay\u0131\u015fla ruhumuzu d\u0131\u015fa vurdu\u011fumuz bir yap\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fan istek ve arzular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, bask\u0131lanan ruhumuzun, basmakal\u0131p yarg\u0131lar\u0131n devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn estetik ve ustal\u0131kla arz\u0131 endam etti\u011fi bir d\u00fcnyad\u0131r. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyalar\u0131 geride b\u0131rakabildi\u011fimiz, i\u00e7inde nefes al\u0131p solukland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck fikirlerin somut ve soyut halleriyle kalbimize y\u00fcklendi\u011fi ve durmadan a\u00e7\u0131lan pencereler olarak zihnimizin duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletip ruhumuza yeni duvarlar in\u015fa eden, biz terk etmedi\u011fimiz s\u00fcrece bizimle her yolu yoku\u015f tepe demeden y\u00fcr\u00fcyendir sanat. Kimi zaman renklerin, \u015fekillerin dile geldi\u011fi, kimi zaman kelimelerin ahenkle dans etti\u011fi, kimi zaman masallar\u0131n ve hik\u00e2yelerin birbirine g\u00f6z k\u0131rpt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gizli sakl\u0131, ayan beyan bizimle oland\u0131r sanat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukarda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z tan\u0131mlama sadece bizi ba\u011flar deyip sanat\u0131n ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6n\u00fcne de\u011finelim. Sanat kavram\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131mlan\u0131p tan\u0131mlanamayaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, \u00e7ok az kavram\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelebilecek bir kaderdir. Sanat\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 d\u00f6nemden d\u00f6neme, ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde disiplinde disipline, ak\u0131mdan ak\u0131ma farkl\u0131 yorumlarla ifade edildi. Bu durum da sanat\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 hatta tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 hale getirdi. Tabi, bu tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sanat\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi normal kabul etmek laz\u0131m. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sanat\u0131 bilimden ay\u0131ran \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi var, nesnelden faydalansa da sanat \u00f6znel bir yap\u0131 da sergiliyor. Disipliner yanlar\u0131 olsa da kimi zaman sanat\u00e7\u0131lar bu disiplener yap\u0131yla oynayarak yeni \u015feyler \u00fcretme yoluna gidiyor ve yeni de\u011ferlerin temsilcisi haline gelebiliyor. Nas\u0131l sosyal hayattaki de\u011ferler zaman i\u00e7inde veya toplumdan topluma de\u011fi\u015fkenlik g\u00f6steriyorsa ayn\u0131 durumun sanat i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Zira sanat bireylerden ve toplumdan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fil. Toplumun ve ya\u015fan\u0131lan d\u00f6nemin izleri ve yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sanatta kendini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanat\u00e7\u0131 Kimdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"AVvXsEieDI2qK_-DRQjA6_4aDccd6kHRxOa9Sf1P1cFXT1GNmm3MkB4aZJtYwYaw4sTGy_FDyXx4rpUAeQbEFYUms31i1zeFFihrQG6tfyjAzsAcGF1XW-vfPuUy6pUlumeGK3I0FnBLJkkSO1oIIkzML8eNH_Fq-IdgDxHf64GZGU6a9ZTQwuWnwJ3fTPJIOfVs=w419-h419<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sanat\u0131 tan\u0131mlad\u0131k ama sanat\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 tan\u0131mlamad\u0131k. San\u0131r\u0131m sanat\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak da sanat\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak kadar zor bir u\u011fra\u015f. Sanat\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm parametreler burada da ge\u00e7erli. D\u00f6nemden d\u00f6neme, k\u00fclt\u00fcrde k\u00fclt\u00fcre ve t\u00fcrden t\u00fcre de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6steren bir tan\u0131mdan bahsedebiliriz. Temelde sanatla ilgilenen ve sanat eseri olu\u015fturan ki\u015fi olan sanat\u00e7\u0131ya atfedilen baz\u0131 \u00f6zellikler de yok de\u011fil. Yarat\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilen, hayal g\u00fcc\u00fc kuvvetli, toplumsal normlar\u0131n biraz d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, nevi \u015fahs\u0131na m\u00fcnhas\u0131r ki\u015filik \u00f6zellikleri ile m\u00fcsemma, \u00f6zg\u00fcr, biraz \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131n, amiyane deyimle biraz ka\u00e7\u0131k. Bu tan\u0131mlamada reddedemeyece\u011fimiz \u00f6zellikler, hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn kuvvetlili\u011fi ve yarat\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 anlatan ortak payda olabilir. Di\u011ferlerinin her zaman ge\u00e7erli olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Di\u011fer \u00f6zellikleri kabul etmek toplumsal normlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan normal g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ve kabul edilen birinin sanatla u\u011fra\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsaymak olur. Baz\u0131 sanat\u00e7\u0131lar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olsa da bu \u00f6zellikler, genelleme yapmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanat\u0131n Ortaya \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"AVvXsEjMcA2IevZIcG6RTm1uadTudBBshnWiKyPpa6vgIq7Lv45aa4GP35pY6ACtE5lNOebccasFYAPyWfe7_uSKq57YO1lNiN6Ms28u2rtnTXGNU8xJW3MOc5x9Zx0mS1xlKsWo3MXb3jn8FYtVnQBaB2whBLTC0HneExbGBus6rDneOmOplvad_hPy0kWWwZVz=w391-h587<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sanat\u0131n insanl\u0131k tarihiyle beraber geli\u015fip d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyoruz. \u0130nsan g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayattaki sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirirken, kimi zaman \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 i\u015flerle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rken belki de ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta bunlar\u0131 biraz zevkli hale getirmek istedi. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir taba\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcsleyerek, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 binalara estetik katarak bu s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yoruculu\u011fu a\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Muhtemelen g\u00fcndelik ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131larken stres atman\u0131n ya da kendini anlatman\u0131n bir yolu olarak ma\u011fara resimleriyle ba\u015flayan sanat yolculu\u011fumuz her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde ve farkl\u0131 yap\u0131larla \u00e7e\u015fitlendi. \u00dcretim \u015fekillerinin de\u011fimi, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olaylar sanat\u0131 bir heykeli oyar gibi oyarak bu g\u00fcnlere ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. Sanat kimi zaman d\u00fcnya sava\u015flar\u0131ndan sonra oldu\u011fu gibi insan\u0131n isyan\u0131n\u0131, sanat\u0131n yerle\u015fik kurallar\u0131na isyan ederek, kimi zaman estetik hazz\u0131n boyunduru\u011funa kendi teslim ederek pek \u00e7ok ak\u0131m ve dalla, her dal\u0131n farkl\u0131 renklerle hem hal oldu\u011fu kocaman bir soy a\u011fac\u0131 olarak hayatlar\u0131m\u0131za dokunmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neden sanat yapmak istedik, burada Freud\u2019u anmadan ge\u00e7emeyece\u011fim. Freud\u2019un ifade etti\u011fi ego b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri bize do\u011fam\u0131zla ilgili bir a\u00e7\u0131klama sunuyor. \u0130d, bizim ilkel ve hayvansal y\u00f6nlerimizi temsil ediyor ki, sosyal hayat i\u00e7inde kontrol alt\u0131nda tutmam\u0131z gereken y\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcz. S\u00fcper ego toplumsal kurallar\u0131 ve de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015finin i\u00e7ine yerle\u015fti\u011fi alan olarak anabiliriz. Bu ikisi aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi ise egomuz yani bilin\u00e7li taraf\u0131m\u0131z sa\u011flar. G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta bast\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z cinsellik ve \u015fiddet gibi duygular\u0131m\u0131z sanat yoluyla \u00f6zg\u00fcr kal\u0131r. Yani id\u2019imizi sanat yoluyla \u00f6zg\u00fcr k\u0131lar\u0131z. Ancak bu tek ba\u015f\u0131na sanat\u0131 neden yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ifade etmez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015fin asl\u0131 toplumsal de\u011fer ve \u00f6\u011fretiler de s\u00fcper egomuz vas\u0131tas\u0131yla iliklerimize kadar i\u00e7imizdedir ve onun ideallerini, yok sayamay\u0131z. Bilin\u00e7li olarak da, yani egomuzun devreye girmesiyle de anlatmak istedi\u011fimiz durumlar olaylar ve olgular sanat yapma iste\u011fimizi tetikleyebilir. Ya\u015fam olaylar\u0131n\u0131n insan \u00fczerinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131yla m\u00fccadele etmek de sanat i\u00e7in iyi bir zemin olu\u015fturabilir. \u0130nsan, canl\u0131lar i\u00e7inde bir g\u00fcn \u00f6lece\u011finin fark\u0131nda olan tek canl\u0131. Canl\u0131l\u0131k do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi hayatta kalma i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fcyle var olur. Bir g\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00fcnece\u011fi bilgisi, hayatta kalma i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fcyle \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma halindedir. \u0130nsan bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 da a\u015fman\u0131n bir yolunu bulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yol onu nesiller sonras\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131yacak \u00f6lmez eserler b\u0131rakmak yani sanatsal etkinlikler yapmakt\u0131r. Her insan, arkas\u0131nda ho\u015f bir seda b\u0131rakmak ister ki \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde de y\u00e2d edilsin, ya\u015fat\u0131ls\u0131n. Fiziksel a\u00e7\u0131dan var olamayaca\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00fcnyada hemcinslerinin zihninde ya\u015fayarak teselli bulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanata y\u00f6nelmemizin psikolojik ve sosyolojik altyap\u0131s\u0131 olduk\u00e7a zengin. Tam da i\u015fin bu k\u0131sm\u0131nda neden sanat deyince bir estetik alg\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcndeme geliyor, neden baz\u0131 \u015fekiller g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler, sesler, c\u00fcmleler, renk birle\u015fimleri, hareket kombinasyonlar\u0131 bizi cezbediyor ve haz veriyor?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f6roestetik<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"AVvXsEjZyZRuY0BtZSiCGBQUT52l1Htx9mHsqQO9_HWqviB5uNA6C1BY6-bTyYi_SgokyqHPUw4usrvYaHk4qLuK4pV-Vz8dUuxojvaiUmJJr4cETH3c4uA6INCQdS3tlHLPqZb1_JJ-2chCJbcK9lKK-SMSsx6wX9OVsgWvexetQb6KZkGLbAAtOdqf8t9F_2Nw=w432-h432<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin, \u015feklilerin, hareketlerin seslerin ve konu\u015fmalar\u0131n beynimizin hangi aktiviteleriyle g\u00fczel ve estetik olarak alg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya ve \u00f6\u011frenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bilim dal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zihnimiz bir dizi zihinsel, sosyolojik ve psikolojik s\u00fcre\u00e7le estetik duygusunun yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hazz\u0131 ya\u015far. Zihinsel mekanizmam\u0131z\u0131n estetik hazz\u0131 ya\u015famas\u0131 i\u00e7in bireysel, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve d\u00f6nemsel y\u00f6nlendirmeler beynimiz \u00fczerinde tetikleyici i\u015flevi g\u00f6rerek ho\u015fnutluk ya da ho\u015fnutsuzluk duygusunu yarat\u0131r. Zihnimiz bu duygulan\u0131mlar\u0131 beynimizin baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini kullanarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medial orbitofrontal korteks, Anterior singulat korteks, Striatum b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri beynimizin \u00f6d\u00fcl mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irir, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz ve duydu\u011fumuz \u015feyin olumlu at\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131 yaparak haz almam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6rsel korteks, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz \u015feyleri alg\u0131lamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz manzara, insan y\u00fczleri, sanat eserleri gibi uyaranlar\u0131 i\u015fleyerek estetik duygumuzu harekete ge\u00e7irir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hipokampus, estetik hazz\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015f ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, yani haf\u0131zam\u0131z\u0131 kullanarak estetik hazz\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. Daha \u00f6nce olumlu olarak i\u015fledi\u011fimiz bilgiler, haz duygumuzun h\u0131zl\u0131ca tetiklenmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanat ve \u0130leti\u015fim<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"AVvXsEjk-QOpydd1RMdR87HiMHNGEMiHR1VK7o_BIc2W3sg4Xiu_eMl4qQUqRBV-ekUEZ0Hv5ShVWDcAC-fWj96voCnSev64Izwbc3SVhl0noScGX9ABofkD8LKe3OjMFK4yzM4kLdOI0fSy_73ki-kL-wZXJIWTfg-H--T_5dfxZdxl0o3gqgfDbSpT1vXQ_ulQ=w396-h594<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sanat tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma de\u011fildir. Sanat\u0131 yaratan; bir toplum i\u00e7inde, bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn mensubu olarak bulunur ve i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu toplumun \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi hi\u00e7bir sanat eseri bulundu\u011fu ko\u015fullardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011ferlendirilemez. Sanat\u00e7\u0131 kimi zaman i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu toplumun kimi de\u011ferlerinin ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olurken, kimi zaman da i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu toplumun de\u011fi\u015fim r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131nda yer al\u0131r, bazen de\u011fi\u015fim fitilini ate\u015fleyen olur. Sanat\u00e7\u0131 isyan\u0131n\u0131, duygusunu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini sanat yoluyla topluma iletir. Toplumdan ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kendi s\u00fczgecinden ge\u00e7irir, kendi nefesini, rengini dilini katarak topluma tekrar sunar. Sanat, sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n toplumla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fman\u0131n lisan\u0131d\u0131r. Sanat\u00e7\u0131 ile toplum aras\u0131nda bir ileti\u015fim ve etkile\u015fim vard\u0131r. Sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n sanat\u0131 toplumda bir etki alan\u0131 yarat\u0131r, sanat tarihinde, toplum belle\u011finde var olur ve her sanat eserinden sonra toplum art\u0131k ayn\u0131 toplum de\u011fildir, toplum nehrinde bir kez y\u00fczebilirsiniz, ikinci kez girdi\u011finizde y\u00fczd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz nehir de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir art\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanat Akademi \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n akademi ile ili\u015fkisi de sanat ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir konu olmu\u015ftur. Akademinin sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6zg\u00fcrce kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir engel olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr kimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler taraf\u0131ndan. Ancak, h\u00e2kim bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7s\u0131 her sanat dal\u0131 i\u00e7in belli prensiplerin ve tekniklerin varl\u0131n\u0131 kabul eder ve sanatla ilgilenecek bireylerin bu temel bilgiye sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 bekler. Sanat tarihinin bilinmedi\u011fi bir ortamda sanat\u00e7\u0131, neyin yenilik oldu\u011funu nas\u0131l bilecek, temel bilgilerden bihaber olan bir sanat\u00e7\u0131, yeni bir tarz\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011funu nas\u0131l anlayacak. Akademik bilginin gereklili\u011fi yads\u0131namaz, tabi bazen akademik bilgiye s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmak da ihtimal d\u00e2hilindedir. Bu tuza\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fmeden akademik bilgiyi kullanabilen sanat\u00e7\u0131, yeni tarzlara ve tekniklere \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck edebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanat ve Teknoloji<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanat neden her d\u00f6nem farkl\u0131 bir \u015fekil al\u0131r? De\u011fi\u015fen nedir? Cevap basit gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de \u00e7ok katmanl\u0131d\u0131r. De\u011fi\u015fen toplumdur. Toplumu de\u011fi\u015ftiren \u00fcretim \u015fekli ve ili\u015fkileridir. Tar\u0131m toplumunda hen\u00fcz foto\u011fraf makinas\u0131n\u0131n bile olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde sanat resim heykel ve sahne sanatlar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131. Bu sanatlarda \u015fimdiki olanaklara sahip de\u011fildi. Daha \u00f6nce dinsel nedenlerle veya y\u00f6netici s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7in icra edilen sanat,sanayi devrimim ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi ve burjuva s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131 ileg\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131 anlatmaya, toplumsal durumlara ve bireysel duygulara y\u00f6nelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Sanata ve sanat\u00e7\u0131ya bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fti, sanat k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 bir alandan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fti. Post modern d\u00f6neme geldi\u011fimizde yani modern sonras\u0131 d\u00f6neme geldi\u011fimizde sanat\u0131n yerle\u015fik de\u011ferleri sorgulanmaya, farkl\u0131 ara\u00e7 ve teknikler sanatla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.Teknoloji de\u011fi\u015fti ve art\u0131k g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde sinemadan bahsediyoruz, foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k art\u0131k bir sanat olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Dijital sanat kavram\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fu\u015funa tan\u0131k oluyoruz. Dijital olarak \u00fcretilen videolardan, tablolardan bahseder duruma geldik. Yapay zek\u00e2n\u0131n geli\u015fmesiyle, insan\u0131n hayal g\u00fcc\u00fc makinenin h\u0131z\u0131yla birle\u015fiyor. \u0130leti\u015fimin insandan insan oldu\u011fu bir a\u015famadan, ileti\u015fimin insandan insana, insandan makinaya, makinadan insana oldu\u011fu bir a\u015fmaya ge\u00e7iyoruz. Sanat nas\u0131l ayn\u0131 kalabilir b\u00f6yle bir ortamda. \u0130nsan\u0131n t\u00fcm sanat ge\u00e7mi\u015fi yapay zek\u00e2n\u0131n merce\u011finde, insan\u0131n hayal g\u00fcc\u00fc yapay zek\u00e2n\u0131n haf\u0131zas\u0131yla birle\u015fti\u011finde neler olacak, s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde hep birlikte g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanat Para \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"ai-generated-8768098_1280-1024x1024<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sanat\u0131n para i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dair d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi pek \u00e7ok kez duymu\u015f ya da okumu\u015fsunuzdur. Sanat\u0131n \u00fcretiminde paran\u0131n rol\u00fc nedir. Ger\u00e7ekten, sanat sadece sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n tasarrufunda olan bir eylem midir? Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda baz\u0131 sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hret ve paraya kavu\u015famadan \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne s\u0131kl\u0131kla tan\u0131k oluyoruz. Vincent van Gogh\u2019un ya\u015farken sadece bir eseri sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6ld\u00fckten sonra eserlerine g\u00f6sterilen tevecc\u00fch\u00fc g\u00f6rseydi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k ya\u015fard\u0131 muhtemelen. Pablo Picasso, ya\u015farken \u00e7abalar\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcllendirilmi\u015f \u015fansl\u0131 sanat\u00e7\u0131lardan oldu. Picasso\u2019nun hayat\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, \u00fcnlenip eserlerinin sat\u0131lmas\u0131yla sanatsal \u00fcretiminin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u015fahit oluyoruz. Temelde sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n bir derdi vard\u0131r; sanat\u0131n\u0131 icra etmek, ancak sanat\u00e7\u0131 sanat\u0131n\u0131 sadece kendisi i\u00e7in yapmaz. Be\u011feni ve toplumsal kabul\u00fcn burada temel bir motivasyon olu\u015fturdu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Sanat eserlerinin kabul g\u00f6rmesi ve talep edilmesi sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n toplumla kurdu\u011fu ba\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterir ve bu toplumsal ba\u011f te\u015fvik edicidir. Sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6d\u00fcl mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irir ve sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n tatmin duygusu ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n temel amac\u0131 para ve \u015f\u00f6hret olmasa da bunlar\u0131n kazan\u0131m\u0131 ve do\u011fru y\u00f6netimi sanat\u00e7\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n ve sanatsal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanatta Ak\u0131mlar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

a) Klasik D\u00f6nem<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M.\u00d6. 5. Y\u00fczy\u0131ldan M.S. 5. Y\u00fczy\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki zaman s\u00fcrecini kapsayan bu ak\u0131m, Antik Yunan ve Roma uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n sanat\u0131na at\u0131fta bulunur. Bu d\u00f6nem Antik Yunan esteti\u011finden ve idealizminden beslenir. Do\u011fan\u0131n ve insan\u0131n ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i tasvirine yaslanan bu ak\u0131mda mitolojik \u00f6\u011felere yer verilir ve bir mesaj iletilmek istenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

b) Neoklasik D\u00f6nem<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

18. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131nda mimaride s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan barok ve rokoko tarz\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u00fcslemesine tepki olarak do\u011fan bu ak\u0131m Antik Yunan mimarisinin sade ve heybetli yap\u0131 tarz\u0131 benimsenmi\u015f, an\u0131tsal yap\u0131 tarz\u0131 \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c) Romantizm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

18. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonu ile 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda Avrupa\u2019da arz\u0131 endam eden romantizm bir edebiyat ak\u0131m\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde i\u00e7inde bireyselli\u011fin co\u015fkunlu\u011funu bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir duyarl\u0131l\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Ayd\u0131nlanma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131lc\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ve neoklasizmin kurallar ve normlarla \u015fekillenen sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na bir tepki olarak do\u011farken, do\u011fan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 insan\u0131n i\u00e7sel d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla harmanlayan bir sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 sunuyor, bireyin duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u00fclerine geni\u015f bir alan a\u00e7\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

d) Realizm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda end\u00fcstriyel geli\u015fmeler s\u0131n\u0131fsal farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 artt\u0131rd\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131flar aras\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131, alt s\u0131n\u0131flar i\u00e7in hayat zorla\u015ft\u0131. Sanat d\u00fcnyas\u0131 buna sessiz kalmad\u0131 ve bu sorunlar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getiren ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i tarzda sanat eserleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar. Sanat\u00e7\u0131lar duygu d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndan s\u0131y\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p hayat\u0131n ger\u00e7eklerine y\u00f6neldiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eimdilik temel birka\u00e7 sanat ak\u0131m\u0131ndan bahsettik ancak sanat ak\u0131mlar\u0131 bunlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. Sanat ak\u0131mlar\u0131 kendine \u00f6zel bir yaz\u0131y\u0131 hak ediyor diyelim ve ileriki g\u00fcnlerde sizlerle bu konuya da de\u011finelim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanat\u0131n hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131na de\u011fen renkleri sizlerle olsun\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak\u00e7a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/<\/a> Sanat-Sanat\u00e7\u0131 ve Bir Meta Nesnesi Olarak Sanat Eseri Art-Art\u0131st And Art Work As A Meta Object Sedat Balk\u0131r<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/dspace.ankara.edu.tr\/<\/a> Sanat, Sanat\u00e7\u0131, Sanat Eseri ve Ahlak -Yrd. Do\u00e7. Dr. Bayram Akdogan<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net\/<\/a> Modern Sanat Ve Postmodern Sanat Nedir?- Tayfun G\u00fcrol<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/<\/a> Sanat-Sanat\u00e7\u0131 ve Bir Meta Nesnesi Olarak Sanat Eseri- Sedat Balk\u0131r<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/<\/a> Sanat\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015funda \u0130leti\u015fimle Aralar\u0131ndaki Varolu\u015fsal Birliktelik ve Sanat Eyleminde Psikolojik \u0130leti\u015fimin \u00d6nemi -\u015eenkaya \u00d6ren<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sanat Nedir? Sanat; r\u00fcya g\u00f6rme \u00f6zelli\u011fimizin hayal g\u00f6rme yetene\u011fimizi besleyip, disipliner bir anlay\u0131\u015fla ruhumuzu d\u0131\u015fa vurdu\u011fumuz bir yap\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fan istek ve arzular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, bask\u0131lanan ruhumuzun, basmakal\u0131p yarg\u0131lar\u0131n devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn estetik ve ustal\u0131kla arz\u0131 endam etti\u011fi bir d\u00fcnyad\u0131r. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyalar\u0131 geride b\u0131rakabildi\u011fimiz, i\u00e7inde nefes al\u0131p solukland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck fikirlerin somut ve soyut halleriyle kalbimize y\u00fcklendi\u011fi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":106,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[109,111,110,108,105,107,106,103,104,102],"class_list":["post-105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zihin-ve-kalp","tag-klasizm","tag-neoklasizm","tag-realizm","tag-romantizm","tag-sanat","tag-sanatakademi","tag-sanatci","tag-sanatiletisim","tag-sanatpara","tag-sanatteknoloji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=105"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":111,"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105\/revisions\/111"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/106"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=105"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=105"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insanzihintoplum.net.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}